To ensure reliable, affordable, and sustainable future power supplies many countries in Southeast Asia are exploring options for new generation. Floating solar photovoltaics (FPV) are becoming an increasingly competitive option. However, the technology is still nascent, and many potential adopters have questions about its benefits, how to analyze it appropriately, and the underlying technology.

This presentation discussed the strategies for realizing the Smart Cities, based on the initiative being undertaken ASEAN Smart City Network (ASCN). It focused on the proven strategies of converting a city into a smart city and reviewed what has been done in the major ASEAN cities regarding the energy revolution - energy access, energy resilience; how they conceptualize smart city –depending on the level of development, willingness to adapt and reform.

Diesel emissions are a human carcinogen, according to the World Health Organization. Diesel engines produce 99 percent of transport-sector emissions of black carbon, a powerful climate pollutant whose near-term warming can be nearly eliminated with a transition to soot-free Euro 6/VI emission standards. Most countries have developed or begun to develop on-road vehicle emission and fuel quality standards. But ASEAN member countries face a variety of obstacles to implement low-sulfur fuel and Euro 4/IV vehicle emission standards and advancing to soot-free Euro 6/VI standards.

Globally, cities use 75% of the world’s energy, emitting 75% of all its GHG emissions. Yet most cities do not engage directly in planning for their power requirements.

Adopting a carbon emission trading system provide a theoretical way to solve the problem of inefficient allocation of carbon emission rights and may bring huge potentials for energy saving and emission reduction. This presentation explored the emission reduction effect of carbon emission trading mechanism using DID and PSM-DID measurement methods and city-level data in China from 2004 to 2015. The results show that the implementation of the carbon emission trading system has significant emission reduction effects for the 11 pilot cities studied.

Asia and the Pacific have the highest number of air pollution deaths in the world. The health effects were estimated to cost US$ 1.7 trillion in 2016, equivalent to 10% of the regions. Air pollution creates a massive economic burden for governments causing a loss of productive labor, thereby reducing output and incomes, and increased health care and welfare costs. The energy sector is a major source of pollution and therefore a target for efforts to improve air quality.

This presentation shared the insights into the demand response scheme at the industrial customers in Singapore. This real case illustrated the benefits of demand response by reducing end-users electricity bills, improving the asset utilization rate, and increasing the efficiency of the whole electricity system. Drawing on Singapore's experience, many Asian countries can glean lessons to provide effective financial and incentive mechanisms to reflect the value of demand response.

The Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) is an initiative taken by the Government of India to promote energy efficiency in the commercial building sector. The ECBC is a comprehensive code that provides minimum requirements for the energy efficient design and construction of buildings, and is is applicable to new commercial buildings with states defining the scope according to the state’s suitability.

Global temperatures are steadily increasing. Keeping cool is a growing need, and access to cooling is a critical issue in some of the warmest countries on the planet. With airconditioner ownership expected to soar, not only are markets not keeping up with energy efficiency potential, but energy policy is also not keeping up with the ever-changing energy technology.

Seoul, a 10 million population city, is implementing various policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency. Seoul has a high population density and limited available land; it is a disadvantage for large scale development of solar PV and wind power. However, there are well-equipped district heating and cool infrastructures, and environmental facilities. Also, Solar PV, solar thermal, heat pump, and waste-to-energy are mature technologies. To minimize greenhouse gas emissions, and improve air quality, a system is needed that optimizes these technologies.