Primary care (PC) was widely recognized as a cornerstone of achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). However, PC's progress in Southeast Asia varied across the region due to differences in healthcare systems influenced by public governance and management (e.g., centralization versus decentralization) and socio-economic conditions. This disparity presented unique challenges and opportunities to solidify the foundation of UHC in the region. As such, valuable insights could be gained from analyzing and understanding how countries implemented PC reforms. These insights could then guide PC reform efforts in other countries. 

The Asian Development Bank (ADB), under the Regional Technical Assistance 6767: Supporting Enhanced COVID-19 Vaccination and Post-COVID-19 Health Security Response in Southeast Asia (SECURE), provided platforms for ADB member countries to share their experiences, good practices, and challenges in strengthening health systems, including PHC, and addressing health security issues magnified by the COVID-19 pandemic.

SECURE Webinar 13 Objectives: 

• Described the primary health care in Indonesia, including the organization and financing of district health offices, puskesmas, pustus, posyandus, and other government primary care facilities;
• Described the relationship of the MOH and BPJS-K with district health offices and puskesmas, including accreditation and contracting arrangements, provider payment and reporting mechanisms, and systems;
• Described the financial management and reporting systems of puskesmas on the utilization of DAK and BPJS-K capitation payments for primary care services; and,
• Discussed progress and challenges observed in the implementation of primary health care in Indonesia.