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Overcoming Double Income Traps in Thailand and Myanmar

23 August 2018
Thailand has been a middle-income country for 40 years, while Myanmar has been a low-income country for 55 years. The presenter cites evidence that Thailand is in a middle-income trap and Myanmar is in a low-income trap, and suggests a safe migration policy between the two countries, focusing on…

Australian Economic Outlook

22 August 2018
Australia is enjoying its 25th straight year of economic growth. Risks could arise from increasing housing prices and household debt, and weak growth in wages and household incomes. Investment remains subdued, and growth is more reliant on government spending and net exports.

Introduction: Upgrading Human Capital and Skills Development for Future Asia

22 August 2018
Asia has seen a proliferation of educated workers, non-routine cognitive jobs, and jobs in IT, finance, and communications. However, youth unemployment remains high, and many developing Asian countries will see much change in the percentage of their population aged 15-64 between 2017 and 2030.

Financing Tertiary Education

22 August 2018
Given the need to expand universities in Asia and therefore the critical role of financing, the author seeks to answer questions such as the case for university tuition charges and why student loans are necessary. He also differentiates between time-based repayment loans and income-contingent loans…

Social Protection in a Competitive Economy: What Have We Learned?

22 August 2018
Australia has a well-targeted welfare system. Gross income is unequal, but taxes and transfers make it more equal, and government invests a lot in health and education. However, the government should also consider privatization, active regulatory oversight, and incentives to inform market design.

Changing Task Content of Jobs in India: Implications and Way Forward

22 August 2018
The number of non-routine cognitive jobs has surged in India, driven by technology and mostly contributed by the services sector. Routine cognitive tasks, however, remain at the same level in services and agriculture.

Labor Market and Skills Gap in the ICT Sector in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study

22 August 2018
ICT is emerging as a promising sector in Bangladesh; it employs more than 200,000 people. The market size of ICT services is about $2 billion and aims to reach $5 billion in 2021. The challenge is to train and prepare human capital, as most IT graduates are deemed not ready to start a job.

S&T Workers for Innovation and Growth in Sri Lanka

22 August 2018
Science and technology (S&T) workers in Sri Lanka composed 12% of employed workers in 2016. To further increase the percentage of S&T workers, the presenter recommends expanding access to higher education in S&T, reducing labor mismatch, and promoting professional and technical jobs.

(People’s Republic of) China’s Economic Outlook and the China-US Trade Disputes

22 August 2018
The People’s Republic of China saw steady economic momentum in the first half of 2018. Aware of potential uncertainties from domestic and international shocks, including the trade dispute with the US, the country has taken a proactive fiscal policy and measures to further open its market and…

Demographics and Innovation

18 May 2018
Are younger labor forces more innovative? The authors attempt to answer this question using the native-born labor force projected based on local historical births in the US. They used three successive levels of analysis to eliminate or examine effects such as firm and inventor life cycles. They…