Using tropical paddy as the model ecosystem, the focus of research by Prof. Adhya is on sustainable management of resource-poor tropical soils to maintain high productivity with minimum environmental impact. Dr. Adhya initiated field-level research on methane and nitrous oxide emission from tropical Indian paddy and identified strong mitigation options with additional input to Carbon sequestration, biogeochemistry, and global change. He has contributed to India's first NATCOM on GHG and was invited to the review panel for the IPCC-2012 database and methodologies (2013) on GHGs by WMO/UNEP. As Director of the South Asia Nitrogen Centre, he is engaged in the planning and management of research activities on reactive-N in South Asian Countries. Prof. Adhya is also Co-Director of Science for the South Asian Nitrogen Hub, a UK Research Institutes project to develop solutions for sustainable nitrogen management. He has edited "The Indian Nitrogen Assessment" (2018) published by Elsevier Publications and is also an Editor/member on, Editorial board of several international journals in the area of natural resource management.