As adverse impacts of climate change on farming and food systems intensify in Asia and the Pacific, the agriculture and natural resources (ANR) sector in ADB’s Developing Member Countries (DMCs) needs accelerated investments in upscaling climate-smart agriculture to better manage the dynamic climate change risk for food security. At the same time, the food system is responsible for a third of the global GHG emission and offers low-cost and nature-based mitigation opportunities, which can substantially contribute to the emission reduction in line with NDCs in the region. Without successful mitigation investment realized, the world would get closer to “the tipping point”, where negative impacts on agriculture productivity due to climate change start canceling out any crop yield growth realized from technological improvements, necessitating a further expansion of agricultural land to feed the future population.1 Obviously, both climate change adaptation for resilience building and mitigation for low carbon transformation of the food system are important structural investments required for sustainable food security.